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<div placeholder id="header" class="whs1"><table x-use-null-cells cellspacing="0" width="100%" class="whs2">
  <col class="whs3">
  <col class="whs3">
  <tr valign="top" class="whs4">
  <td width="50%" class="whs5">
  <p class=HeaderFooterText
	style="font-size: 8pt;">Structures Design Guidelines</td>
  <td width="50%" class="whs6">
  <p class=HeaderFooterText
	style="text-align: right; font-size: 8pt;"
	align=right>&nbsp;Jan 
 &nbsp;2008</td></tr>
  <tr valign="top" class="whs4">
  <td colspan="1" rowspan="1" width="50%" class="whs7">
  <p class=HeaderFooterText
	style="font-size: 8pt;">1 - General Requirements</td>
  <td colspan="1" rowspan="1" width="50%" class="whs8">
  <p class=HeaderFooterText
	style="text-align: right; font-size: 8pt;"
	align=right>&nbsp;</td></tr>
 </table>
</div>
<h2><a name=Environmental_Classifications></a>1.3 Environmental Classifications 
 <a class="expandspot" href="javascript:kadovTextPopup(this)" id="a2">(07/07)</a><span class=expandtext style="display: 'none';" id=POPUP191915280 >   July 2007 - Revised section to differentiate classification process 
 for marine and non-marine environments which eliminates testing for most 
 marine environments. Deleted 6,000 ppm -12,000 ppm chloride range for 
 superstructures, and sulfate criteria for steel substructures. Revised 
 pH criteria for slightly aggressive environments, sulfate criteria for 
 concrete substructures in soil, resistivity thresholds for steel substructures, 
 and flow chart. Added new Table 1.1. </span></h2>

<h2>1.3.1 General</h2>

<p class=OutlineA>A. The District Materials Engineer or the Department’s 
 Environmental/Geotechnical Consultant will determine the environmental 
 classifications for all new bridge sites. Environmental classification 
 is required for major widenings (<a href="javascript:void(0);" id="a1" onMouseOver="if (parseInt(navigator.appVersion) >= 4 && typeof(BSPSPopupOnMouseOver) == 'function') BSPSPopupOnMouseOver(event);" class="BSSCPopup" onclick="BSSCPopup('SDG7.2ClassificationsandDefinitions.htm');return false;">see definitions in Chapter 7</a><script 
 type="text/javascript"
	language=JavaScript1.2><!--
kadovFilePopupInit('a1');
//--></script>) 
 and may be required for minor widenings. This determination will be made 
 before or during the development of the Bridge Development Report (BDR)/30% 
 Plans Stage (See the <a href="http://www.fdot.gov/roadway/PPMManual/PPM.htm"
						target=_blank>PPM</a> Volume 1 Chapter 26) and 
 the results will be included in the documents. &nbsp;The 
 bridge site will be tested, and separate classifications will be determined 
 for both superstructure and substructure.</p>

<p class=OutlineA>B. In the bridge plans “<a href="../sdmex-1and2.pdf">General 
 Notes</a>,” include the environmental classification for both the superstructure 
 and substructure according to the following classifications:</p>

<p class=OutlineA1>1.) Slightly Aggressive</p>

<p class=OutlineA1>2.) Moderately Aggressive</p>

<p class=OutlineA1>3.) Extremely Aggressive</p>

<p class=OutlineA>C. For the substructure, additional descriptive data 
 supplements the environmental classification. After the classification, 
 note in parentheses, the source and magnitude of the environmental classification 
 parameters resulting in the classification.</p>

<p class="whs9">Commentary: &nbsp;<span 
 style="text-align: justify; font-weight: normal;">As 
 an example, for a proposed bridge located in a freshwater swampy area 
 where the substructure is determined to be in an Extremely Aggressive 
 environment due to low soil pH of 4.5 and the superstructure to be in 
 a Slightly Aggressive environment, the format on the bridge plans will 
 be:</span></p>

<blockquote>
<p class="whs10">ENVIRONMENTAL CLASSIFICATION:</p>

<p class=OutlineA1
	style="font-style: normal;">Substructure: Extremely Aggressive (Soil 
 - pH = 4.5)</p>

<p class=OutlineA1
	style="font-style: normal;">Superstructure: Slightly Aggressive</p>
</blockquote>

<p class=OutlineA>D. The substructure will not be classified less severely 
 than the superstructure.</p>

<h2><a name=Substructure_Classifications></a>1.3.2 Classification Criteria 
 <span class=dropspot><a class="expandspot" href="javascript:kadovTextPopup(this)" id="a3">(01/08)</a><span class=expandtext style="display: 'none';" id=POPUP188121451 >   <span class=expandtext>Jan 2008 Table 1.1 Changed Slightly Aggressive 
 Cl for steel from N.A. to &lt;500.</span></span></span></h2>

<p class=OutlineA>A. Bridge substructure and superstructure environments 
 will be classified as Slightly Aggressive, Moderately Aggressive, or Extremely 
 Aggressive environments according to the following criteria and as shown 
 in <a href="../sdgfigure1-1.pdf"
		target=_blank>Figure 1-1</a>. The superstructure is defined as 
 all components from the bearings upward. Conversely, every element below 
 the bearings is classified as substructure.</p>

<p class=OutlineA>B. Marine Structures: Structures located over or within 
 2500 feet of a body of water containing chloride above 2000 ppm are considered 
 to be marine structures and all other structures will be considered non-marine 
 structures. Only chloride test results are required to determine if a 
 structure is classified as marine. Results of chloride tests for most 
 locations are available on the internet at the following address: &nbsp;<a 
 href="http://databases.sm.dot.state.fl.us/bridgeenvironment.htm"
	target=_blank>http://databases.sm.dot.state.fl.us/bridgeenvironment.htm</a> 
 &nbsp;</p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="vertical-align:top">
<span style="font-size:8.5pt;
color:red">NOTE:&nbsp; Access to this database is currently limited to FDOT personnel 
only.&nbsp; Consultants needing information from this database should contact the 
appropriate district office for assistance.</span></p>

<p class=OutlineA
	style="text-indent: -6px; margin-left: 24px;">Classify superstructure 
 and substructure as follows:</p>

<p class=OutlineA1>1.) For structures over or within 2,500 feet of a body 
 of water with chloride concentrations in excess of 6000 ppm, both superstructure 
 and substructure will be classified as extremely aggressive.</p>

<p class=OutlineA1>2.) For structures over any water with chloride concentrations 
 of 2000 to 6000 ppm, the substructure will be classified as extremely 
 aggressive. Superstructures located at 12 feet or less above the mean 
 high water elevation will be classified as extremely aggressive. Superstructures 
 located at an elevation greater than 12 feet above the mean high water 
 elevation will be classified as moderately aggressive.</p>

<p class=OutlineA1>3.) For structures within 2,500 feet of any of a body 
 of water with a chloride concentration of 2000 to 6000 ppm, but not directly 
 over the body of water, the superstructure will be classified as moderately 
 aggressive. The substructure will follow the non-marine criteria in Table 
 1.1.</p>

<p class=OutlineA>C. Non-Marine Structures: All structures that do not 
 meet the criteria above are considered non-marine structures.</p>

<p class=OutlineA1>1.) Substructure: Classify all non-marine substructures 
 in contact with water and/or soil as follows:</p>

<p class=OutlineA1>&nbsp;</p>

<table x-use-null-cells cellspacing="0" width="608" class="whs11">
<col class="whs12">
<col class="whs13">
<col class="whs14">
<col class="whs15">
<col class="whs16">
<col class="whs17">
<col class="whs18">

<tr valign="top" class="whs19">
<td colspan="7" rowspan="1" width="100.001%" class="whs20">
<p class="whs10">Table 1.1 &nbsp;Criteria 
 for Substructure Environmental Classifications</td>
</tr>

<tr valign="top" class="whs21">
<td rowspan="2" colspan="1" valign="middle" width="45.535%" class="whs22">
<p align="center" class="whs23">Classification</td>
<td rowspan="2" colspan="1" width="16.941%" class="whs24">
<p align="center" class="whs25">Environmental<br>
Condition</td>
<td rowspan="2" colspan="1" valign="middle" width="10.229%" class="whs26">
<p align="center" class="whs25">Units</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="2" valign="middle" width="17.27%" class="whs27">
<p align="center" class="whs25">Steel</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="2" valign="middle" width="22.849%" class="whs28">
<p align="center" class="whs25">Concrete</td>
</tr>

<tr valign="top" class="whs21">
<td valign="middle" width="9.704%" class="whs29">
<p align="center" class="whs30">Water</td>
<td valign="middle" width="7.566%" class="whs31">
<p align="center" class="whs30">Soil</td>
<td valign="middle" width="11.508%" class="whs32">
<p align="center" class="whs30">Water</td>
<td valign="middle" width="11.341%" class="whs33">
<p align="center" class="whs30">Soil</td></tr>

<tr valign="top" class="whs21">
<td rowspan="4" colspan="1" valign="middle" width="31.884%" class="whs34">
<p align="center" class="whs30">Extremely Aggressive </p>
<p align="center" class="whs30">(If any of these </p>
<p align="center" class="whs30">conditions exist)</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="middle" width="16.941%" class="whs35">
<p align="center" class="whs30">pH</td>
<td valign="middle" width="10.229%" class="whs26">
<p align="center" class="whs30">&nbsp;</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="2" valign="middle" width="17.27%" class="whs27">
<p align="center" class="whs30">&lt; 6.0</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="2" valign="middle" width="22.849%" class="whs33">
<p align="center" class="whs30">&lt; 5.0</td>
</tr>

<tr valign="top" class="whs21">
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="middle" width="16.941%" class="whs35">
<p align="center" class="whs30">Cl</td>
<td valign="middle" width="10.229%" class="whs26">
<p align="center" class="whs30">ppm</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="2" valign="middle" width="17.27%" class="whs27">
<p align="center" class="whs30">&gt; 2000</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="2" valign="middle" width="22.849%" class="whs33">
<p align="center" class="whs30">&gt; 2000</td>
</tr>

<tr valign="top" class="whs36">
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="middle" width="16.941%" class="whs35">
<p align="center" class="whs30">SO<span style="vertical-align: Sub;">4</span></td>
<td valign="middle" width="10.229%" class="whs26">
<p align="center" class="whs30">ppm</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="2" valign="middle" width="17.27%" class="whs27">
<p align="center" class="whs30">N.A.</td>
<td valign="middle" width="11.508%" class="whs32">
<p align="center" class="whs30">&gt; 1500</td>
<td valign="middle" width="11.341%" class="whs33">
<p align="center" class="whs30">&gt; 2000</td></tr>

<tr valign="top" class="whs37">
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="middle" width="16.941%" class="whs35">
<p align="center" class="whs30">Resistivity</td>
<td valign="middle" width="10.229%" class="whs26">
<p align="center" class="whs30">Ohm-cm</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="2" valign="middle" width="17.27%" class="whs27">
<p align="center" class="whs30">&lt; 1000</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="2" valign="middle" width="22.849%" class="whs33">
<p align="center" class="whs30">&lt; 500</td>
</tr>

<tr valign="top" class="whs21">
<td rowspan="4" colspan="1" valign="middle" width="31.884%" class="whs34">
<p align="center" class="whs30">Slightly Aggressive</p>
<p align="center" class="whs30">(If all of these </p>
<p align="center" class="whs30">conditions exist)</p>
<p>&nbsp;</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="middle" width="16.941%" class="whs35">
<p align="center" class="whs30">pH</td>
<td valign="middle" width="10.229%" class="whs26">
<p>&nbsp;</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="2" valign="middle" width="17.27%" class="whs27">
<p align="center" class="whs30">&gt; 7.0</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="2" valign="middle" width="22.849%" class="whs33">
<p align="center" class="whs30">&gt; 6.0</td>
</tr>

<tr valign="top" class="whs21">
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="middle" width="16.941%" class="whs35">
<p align="center" class="whs30">Cl</td>
<td valign="middle" width="10.229%" class="whs26">
<p align="center" class="whs30">ppm</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="2" valign="middle" width="17.27%" class="whs27">
<p align="center" class="whs30">&lt; 500</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="2" valign="middle" width="22.849%" class="whs33">
<p align="center" class="whs30">&lt; 500</td>
</tr>

<tr valign="top" class="whs36">
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="middle" width="16.941%" class="whs35">
<p align="center" class="whs30">SO<span style="vertical-align: Sub;">4</span></td>
<td valign="middle" width="10.229%" class="whs26">
<p align="center" class="whs30">ppm</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="2" valign="middle" width="17.27%" class="whs27">
<p align="center" class="whs30">N.A.</td>
<td valign="middle" width="11.508%" class="whs32">
<p align="center" class="whs30">&lt; 150</td>
<td valign="middle" width="11.341%" class="whs33">
<p align="center" class="whs30">&lt; 1000</td></tr>

<tr valign="top" class="whs37">
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="middle" width="16.941%" class="whs35">
<p align="center" class="whs30">Resistivity</td>
<td valign="middle" width="10.229%" class="whs26">
<p align="center" class="whs30">Ohm-cm</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="2" valign="middle" width="17.27%" class="whs27">
<p align="center" class="whs30">&gt; 5000</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="2" valign="middle" width="22.849%" class="whs33">
<p align="center" class="whs30">&gt; 3000</td>
</tr>

<tr valign="top" class="whs38">
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="middle" width="31.884%" class="whs39">
<p align="center" class="whs30">Moderately Aggressive</td>
<td colspan="6" rowspan="1" valign="middle" width="68.387%" class="whs40">
<p>This classification must be used at all sites not meeting requirements 
 for either slightly aggressive or extremely aggressive environments. </td>
</tr>

<tr valign="top" class="whs41">
<td rowspan="1" colspan="7" valign="middle" width="31.884%" class="whs39">
<p>pH = acidity (-log<span style="vertical-align: Sub;">10</span>H<span 
 style="vertical-align: Super;">+</span>; potential of Hydrogen), Cl = 
 chloride content, SO<span style="vertical-align: Sub;">4 </span>= Sulfate 
 content. </td>
</tr>
</table>

<p class=OutlineA1>&nbsp;</p>

<p class=OutlineA1>2.) Superstructure: Any superstructure located within 
 2,500 feet of any coal burning industrial facility, pulpwood plant, fertilizer 
 plant, or any other similar industry classify as Moderately Aggressive. 
 &nbsp;All others 
 classify as Slightly Aggressive.</p>

<h3><a name="Chloride Content"></a>1.3.3 Chloride Content <a class="expandspot" href="javascript:kadovTextPopup(this)" id="a4">(01/08)</a><span class=expandtext style="display: 'none';" id=POPUP201056787 >   Jan 2008. Corrected Chloride Intrusion rate to 0.016 lbs/cy/year.</span></h3>

<p class=OutlineA>A. To optimize the materials selection process, the Designer 
 and/or District Materials Engineer have the option of obtaining representative 
 cores to determine chloride intrusion rates for any superstructure within 
 2,500 feet of any major body of water containing more than 6,000-ppm chlorides. 
 &nbsp;The District 
 Materials Engineer will take core samples from bridge superstructures 
 in the immediate area of the proposed superstructure. The sampling plan 
 with sufficient samples representing the various deck elevations will 
 be coordinated with the State Corrosion Engineer. The Corrosion Laboratory 
 of the State Materials Office will test core samples for chloride content 
 and intrusion rates.</p>

<p class=Commentary
	style="font-weight: normal;">Commentary:</p>

<p class=Commentary>Generally, all superstructures that are within line-of-sight 
 and within 2,500 feet of the Atlantic Ocean or the Gulf of Mexico are 
 subject to increased chloride intrusion rates on the order of 0.016 lbs/cy/year 
 at a 2-inch concrete depth. &nbsp;The 
 intrusion rate decreases rapidly with distance from open waters and/or 
 when obstacles such as rising terrain, foliage or buildings alter wind 
 patterns. &nbsp;</p>

<p class=OutlineA>B. After representative samples are taken and tested, 
 Table 1.2 will be used to correlate the core results (the chloride intrusion 
 rate in lbs/cy/year at a depth of 2-inch) with the classification.</p>

<table x-use-null-cells cellspacing="0" width="100%" class="whs42">
<col class="whs3">
<col class="whs3">

<tr valign="top" class="whs4">
<td colspan="2" rowspan="1" width="50%" class="whs43">
<p class="whs44"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><font size=2 style="font-size:10pt;"><B><a 
 name=Table_1_1_Choride_Intrusion_Rate></a>Table 1.2 Chloride Intrusion 
 Rate/Environmental Classification</B></font></span></td>
</tr>

<tr valign="top" class="whs4">
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" width="50%" class="whs45">
<p align="center" class="whs25">Chloride Intrusion Rate</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" width="50%" class="whs46">
<p align="center" class="whs25">Classification</td></tr>

<tr valign="top" class="whs4">
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" width="50%" class="whs45">
<p align="center" class="whs30"><span style="x-text-underline: normal; /*begin!kadov{{*/ text-decoration: underline; /*}}end!kadov*/ "><U>&gt;</U></span> 
 0.016 lbs/cy/year</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" width="50%" class="whs46">
<p align="center" class="whs30">Extremely Aggressive</td></tr>

<tr valign="top" class="whs4">
<td width="50%" class="whs45">
<p align="center" class="whs30">&lt; 0.016 lbs/cy/year</td>
<td width="50%" class="whs46">
<p align="center" class="whs30">Moderately Aggressive</td></tr>
</table>

<p class="whs47">&nbsp;<a 
 name=Figure_1_1_Flow_Diagram></a><a href="../sdgfigure1-1.pdf">See Figure 
 1-1</a> Flow Chart for determining Environmental Classification</p>

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